1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2<helpdocument version="1.0"> 3 4<!--*********************************************************** 5 * 6 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one 7 * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file 8 * distributed with this work for additional information 9 * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file 10 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the 11 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance 12 * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at 13 * 14 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 15 * 16 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, 17 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an 18 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY 19 * KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the 20 * specific language governing permissions and limitations 21 * under the License. 22 * 23 ***********************************************************--> 24 25 26 27 28<meta> 29 <topic id="textscalc0104060105xml" indexer="include"> 30 <title xml-lang="en-US" id="tit">Logical Functions</title> 31 <filename>/text/scalc/01/04060105.xhp</filename> 32 </topic> 33 </meta> 34 <body> 35<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="index" id="bm_id3153484"><bookmark_value>logical functions</bookmark_value> 36 <bookmark_value>Function Wizard; logical</bookmark_value> 37 <bookmark_value>functions; logical functions</bookmark_value> 38</bookmark> 39<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3153484" role="heading" level="1" l10n="U" oldref="1">Logical Functions</paragraph> 40 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3149312" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="2"><variable id="logischtext">This category contains the <emph>Logical</emph> functions. 41</variable></paragraph> 42 <section id="howtoget"> 43 <embed href="text/scalc/00/00000404.xhp#eikalo"/> 44 </section> 45<sort order="asc"> 46<section id="Section6"> 47<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="index" id="bm_id3147505"><bookmark_value>AND function</bookmark_value> 48</bookmark> 49<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/SC_HID_FUNC_UND" id="bm_id3145320" localize="false"/> 50<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3147505" role="heading" level="2" l10n="U" 51 oldref="29">AND</paragraph> 52 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3153959" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="65"><ahelp hid="HID_FUNC_UND">Returns TRUE if all arguments are TRUE.</ahelp> If one of the elements is FALSE, this function returns the FALSE value.</paragraph> 53 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3146100" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="66">The arguments are either logical expressions themselves (TRUE, 1<5, 2+3=7, B8<10) that return logical values, or arrays (A1:C3) containing logical values.</paragraph> 54 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3150538" role="note" l10n="CHG" oldref="67">When a function expects a single value, but you entered a cell range, then the value from the cell range is taken that is in the same column or row as the formula.<comment>UFI: fixed #i18547#</comment></paragraph> 55 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3149128" role="note" l10n="CHG" oldref="68">If the entered range is outside of the current column or row of the formula, the function returns the error value #VALUE!</paragraph> 56 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3150374" role="heading" level="3" l10n="U" 57 oldref="31">Syntax</paragraph> 58 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3159123" role="code" l10n="U" oldref="32">AND(LogicalValue1; LogicalValue2 ...LogicalValue30)</paragraph> 59 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3150038" role="paragraph" l10n="CHG" oldref="33"> 60 <emph>LogicalValue1; LogicalValue2 ...LogicalValue30</emph> are conditions to be checked. All conditions can be either TRUE or FALSE. If a range is entered as a parameter, the function uses the value from the range that is in the current column or row. The result is TRUE if the logical value in all cells within the cell range is TRUE.</paragraph> 61 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3149143" role="heading" level="3" l10n="U" 62 oldref="34">Example</paragraph> 63 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3153123" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="35">The logical values of entries 12<13; 14>12, and 7<6 are to be checked:</paragraph> 64 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3145632" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="36"> 65 <item type="input">=AND(12<13;14>12;7<6)</item> returns FALSE.</paragraph> 66 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3149946" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="60"> 67 <item type="input">=AND (FALSE;TRUE)</item> returns FALSE.</paragraph> 68 </section> 69<section id="Section1"> 70<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="index" id="bm_id3156256"><bookmark_value>TRUE function</bookmark_value> 71</bookmark> 72<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/SC_HID_FUNC_WAHR" id="bm_id3148426" localize="false"/> 73<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3156256" role="heading" level="2" l10n="U" 74 oldref="38">TRUE</paragraph> 75 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3155985" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="39"><ahelp hid="HID_FUNC_WAHR">The logical value is set to TRUE.</ahelp> The TRUE() function does not require any arguments, and always returns the logical value TRUE.</paragraph> 76 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3153717" role="heading" level="3" l10n="U" 77 oldref="40">Syntax</paragraph> 78 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3152590" role="code" l10n="U" oldref="41">TRUE()</paragraph> 79 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3147175" role="heading" level="3" l10n="U" 80 oldref="42">Example</paragraph> 81 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3146148" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="43">If A=TRUE and B=FALSE the following examples appear:</paragraph> 82 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3083285" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="44"> 83 <item type="input">=AND(A;B)</item> returns FALSE</paragraph> 84 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3083444" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="45"> 85 <item type="input">=OR(A;B)</item> returns TRUE</paragraph> 86 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3154314" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="46"> 87 <item type="input">=NOT(AND(A;B))</item> returns TRUE</paragraph> 88</section> 89<section id="Section5"> 90<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="index" id="bm_id3149015"><bookmark_value>FALSE function</bookmark_value> 91</bookmark> 92<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/SC_HID_FUNC_FALSCH" id="bm_id3154678" localize="false"/> 93<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3149015" role="heading" level="2" l10n="U" oldref="3">FALSE</paragraph> 94 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3149890" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="4"><ahelp hid="HID_FUNC_FALSCH">Returns the logical value FALSE.</ahelp> The FALSE() function does not require any arguments, and always returns the logical value FALSE.</paragraph> 95 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3146939" role="heading" level="3" l10n="U" oldref="5">Syntax</paragraph> 96 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3150030" role="code" l10n="U" oldref="6">FALSE()</paragraph> 97 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3150697" role="heading" level="3" l10n="U" oldref="7">Example</paragraph> 98 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3154842" role="paragraph" l10n="CHG" oldref="8"> 99 <item type="input">=FALSE()</item> returns FALSE</paragraph> 100 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3147468" role="paragraph" l10n="CHG" oldref="9"> 101 <item type="input">=NOT(FALSE())</item> returns TRUE</paragraph> 102 </section> 103<section id="Section4"> 104<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="index" id="bm_id3150141"><bookmark_value>IF function</bookmark_value> 105</bookmark> 106<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/SC_HID_FUNC_WENN" id="bm_id3152789" localize="false"/> 107<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3150141" role="heading" level="2" l10n="U" 108 oldref="48">IF</paragraph> 109 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3148740" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="49"><ahelp hid="HID_FUNC_WENN">Specifies a logical test to be performed.</ahelp></paragraph> 110 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3153325" role="heading" level="3" l10n="U" 111 oldref="50">Syntax</paragraph> 112 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3154558" role="code" l10n="CHG" oldref="51">IF(Test; ThenValue; OtherwiseValue)</paragraph> 113 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3149727" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="52"> 114 <emph>Test</emph> is any value or expression that can be TRUE or FALSE.</paragraph> 115 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3155828" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="53"> 116 <emph>ThenValue</emph> (optional) is the value that is returned if the logical test is TRUE.</paragraph> 117 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3154811" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="54"> 118 <emph>OtherwiseValue</emph> (optional) is the value that is returned if the logical test is FALSE.</paragraph> 119 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_idN107FA" role="paragraph" l10n="NEW"> 120 <embedvar href="text/scalc/00/00000004.xhp#optional"/> 121 </paragraph> 122 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3149507" role="heading" level="3" l10n="U" 123 oldref="55">Examples</paragraph> 124 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3150867" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="57"> 125 <item type="input">=IF(A1>5;100;"too small")</item> If the value in A1 is higher than 5, the value 100 is entered in the current cell; otherwise, the text “too small” (without quotes) is entered.</paragraph> 126 </section> 127<section id="Section3"> 128<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="index" id="bm_id3155954"><bookmark_value>NOT function</bookmark_value> 129</bookmark> 130<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/SC_HID_FUNC_NICHT" id="bm_id3145168" localize="false"/> 131<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3155954" role="heading" level="2" l10n="U" 132 oldref="12">NOT</paragraph> 133 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3153570" role="paragraph" l10n="CHG" oldref="13"><ahelp hid="HID_FUNC_NICHT">Complements (inverts) a logical value.</ahelp></paragraph> 134 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3147372" role="heading" level="3" l10n="U" 135 oldref="14">Syntax</paragraph> 136 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3157996" role="code" l10n="U" oldref="15">NOT(LogicalValue)</paragraph> 137 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3148766" role="paragraph" l10n="CHG" oldref="16"> 138 <emph>LogicalValue</emph> is any value to be complemented.</paragraph> 139 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3149884" role="heading" level="3" l10n="U" 140 oldref="17">Example</paragraph> 141 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3150132" role="paragraph" l10n="CHG" oldref="18"> 142 <item type="input">=NOT(A)</item>. If A=TRUE then NOT(A) will evaluate FALSE.</paragraph> 143 </section> 144<section id="Section2"> 145<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="index" id="bm_id3148394"><bookmark_value>OR function</bookmark_value> 146</bookmark> 147<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/SC_HID_FUNC_ODER" id="bm_id3155620" localize="false"/> 148<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3148394" role="heading" level="2" l10n="U" 149 oldref="20">OR</paragraph> 150 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3156060" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="61"><ahelp hid="HID_FUNC_ODER">Returns TRUE if at least one argument is TRUE.</ahelp> This function returns the value FALSE, if all the arguments have the logical value FALSE.</paragraph> 151 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3148771" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="62">The arguments are either logical expressions themselves (TRUE, 1<5, 2+3=7, B8<10) that return logical values, or arrays (A1:C3) containing logical values.</paragraph> 152 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3153546" role="note" l10n="CHG" oldref="63">When a function expects a single value, but you entered a cell range, then the value from the cell range is taken that is in the same column or row as the formula.</paragraph> 153 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3149027" role="note" l10n="CHG" oldref="64">If the entered range is outside of the current column or row of the formula, the function returns the error value #VALUE!</paragraph> 154 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3155517" role="heading" level="3" l10n="U" 155 oldref="22">Syntax</paragraph> 156 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3150468" role="code" l10n="U" oldref="23">OR(LogicalValue1; LogicalValue2 ...LogicalValue30)</paragraph> 157 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3155819" role="paragraph" l10n="CHG" oldref="24"> 158 <emph>LogicalValue1; LogicalValue2 ...LogicalValue30</emph> are conditions to be checked. All conditions can be either TRUE or FALSE. If a range is entered as a parameter, the function uses the value from the range that is in the current column or row.<comment>UFI: first try to fix bugtraq 4905779</comment></paragraph> 159 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3153228" role="heading" level="3" l10n="U" 160 oldref="25">Examples:</paragraph> 161 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3154870" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="26">The logical values of entries 12<11; 13>22, and 45=45 are to be checked.</paragraph> 162 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3155371" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="27"> 163 <item type="input">=OR(12<11;13>22;45=45)</item> returns TRUE.</paragraph> 164 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3158412" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="59"> 165 <item type="input">=OR(FALSE;TRUE)</item> returns TRUE.</paragraph> 166 </section> 167<section id="Section7"> 168<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="index" id="bm_id3148394K"><bookmark_value>XOR function</bookmark_value> 169</bookmark><comment>kschenk added this entry</comment> 170<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/SC_HID_FUNC_ODER" id="bm_id3155620K" localize="false"/> 171<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3148394K" role="heading" level="2" l10n="U">XOR</paragraph> 172 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3156060K" role="paragraph" l10n="U"><ahelp hid="HID_FUNC_ODER">Returns the exclusive "or" of arguments.</ahelp></paragraph> 173 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3148771K" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="62">The arguments are either numbers, logical expressions themselves (TRUE, 1<5, 2+3=7, B8<10) that return logical values, or arrays (A1:C3).</paragraph> 174 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3149027K" role="note" l10n="CHG">If the entered range is outside of the current column or row of the formula, the function returns the error value #VALUE!</paragraph> 175 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3155517K" role="heading" level="3" l10n="U" 176 oldref="22">Syntax</paragraph> 177 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3150468K" role="code" l10n="U">XOR(Value1; Value2 ...Value30)</paragraph> 178 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3155819K" role="paragraph" l10n="CHG" oldref="24"> 179 180 <emph>Value1; Value2 ...Value30</emph> are are added modulo 2. TRUE is returned if the result of this addition is 181 1; FALSE is returned if the result of this addition is 0.<comment>UFI: first try to fix bugtraq 4905779</comment></paragraph> 182 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3153228K" role="heading" level="3" l10n="U">Examples:</paragraph> 183 184 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3155371K" role="paragraph" l10n="U"> 185 <item type="input">=XOR(12<11;13>22;10)</item> returns TRUE since this converts to (1+0+10) mod 2 = 0 </paragraph> 186 <paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3158412K" role="paragraph" l10n="U"> 187 <item type="input">=XOR(FALSE;TRUE)</item> returns TRUE.</paragraph> 188 </section> 189</sort> 190<section id="relatedtopics"> 191 <embed href="text/scalc/01/04060100.xhp#drking"/> 192 </section> 193 </body> 194</helpdocument>